Alert for current subscribers

If you are a current subscriber to the printed version of Thirdway, you will need a username and password to access restricted content. Please click here to generate one now.

Icons

A-Z of thought: Isotopes

Colin Russell

Isotopes are simply varieties of the same chemical element differing only in atomic mass (weight). Each atom of an element consists of a positively charged nucleus with electrons circling around it. The charge on the nucleus is determined by the number of protons it contains, each with one positive charge. The number of (negatively charged) electrons in a neutral atom will equal that nuclear charge. They also determine its chemical (and many physical) properties.

Nearly ...

If you have a valid subscription to Thirdway, please log in to view this content. If you require a subscription, please click here.